Joint Support
Chondroitin Sulfate Background and Benefits

Chondroitin sulfate is a chain of alternating molecules of N-acetylgalactosamine and glucuronic acid. This chain may contain more than 100 molecules of simple sugars, and the specific amounts and positions may vary. The name "chondroitin sulfate" implies that the sulfate ion and chondroitin chain forms a salt, although a covalent bond is formed by two components.  Chondroitin sulfate is normally bound to a protein to form a proteoglycan.
For example, it is an essential component of cartilage, ensuring that cartilage resists compression. This property is due to the fact that the sulfate groups in chondroitin are highly charged when packed tightly together. Chondroitin sulfate is also an important component of extracellular matrices, helping to maintain tissue integrity. This function occurs primarily in large proteoglycans known as lecticans.
 
Lecticans are also a major component of extracellular matrices in the brain. The chains of sugar molecules in chondroitin sulfate help stabilize neuronal synapses in perineuronal networks. This property is particularly useful when the central nervous system is injured.
 
Animal cartilage is the main commercial source of chondroitin sulfate, especially ears, nose, and trachea. Chondroitin sulfate is produced from cartilages of birds, sharks, and other fishes. The exact composition of chondroitin sulfate supplements varies widely, as it is not a specific substance.
 

Uses of chondroitin sulfate

Most commonly, chondroitin sulfate is used in supplements to support joints and mobility. Other uses include bone, bladder, and skin support.

Signs that you need chondroitin sulfate

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common signs that you need chondroitin sulfate supplements, especially if the back or knees are affected. This sign is especially true if osteoarthritis is not advanced. People with bone disease characterized by narrowing of the joint space may benefit from chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfate supplements may also be helpful for chronic inflammation affecting the bladder and skin.a